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No education or special training
Acts 4:13 “After they found out that Peter and John had no education or special training, they were surprised to see how boldly they spoke.” Other translations say, they were “unschooled, ordinary men“.
Remember even back in John we read how the Pharisees and people were amazed at Yeshua’s knowledge too, knowing that He was not “educated” as well. John 7:15-16 “And the Jews marvelled, saying, “How does this Man know letters, having never studied?” Yeshua answered them and said, “My doctrine is not Mine, but His who sent Me.” Later in Acts 18:24-28 we learn about a guy called Apollos, who was so eager to teach about Yeshua, even though he didn’t yet understand everything. Verse 25 says, “he accurately taught about Yeshua“.
People that generally have appointed positions, wealth and educational accomplishment run the risk of having pride and a sense of self accomplishment, that they think they are placed above others around them. They do not realize that the Spirit of YHWH crosses all boundaries of education (just look at Solomon’s wisdom) and wealth. YHWH’s Spirit can work through anyone, and we won’t know we are challenging YHWH’s Spirit!
The problem is, people want to protect their positions of authority, so they will not be willing to listen or admit to anything outside their boundaries. Then the following happens, what we read in Acts 4:17 “So let’s threaten them” .. and in verse 21, “the authorities threatened them even more..”. Also in Acts 4:25-26 they “.. act arrogantly.. devise useless plots.. Kings and Rules take stand and make plans against YHWH and His Messiah“.
YHWH made this promise about the Covenant for the future (with and after Yeshua), in Jeremiah 31:33, “But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says YHWH: I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts; and I will be their Elohim, and they shall be My people.” What we read after this verse is where the wisdom and knowledge comes from – YHWH’s Spirit, and not from ourselves, verse 34, “No more shall every man teach his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, ‘Know YHWH,’ for they all shall know Me, from the least of them to the greatest of them, says YHWH. For I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.”