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Job
Job‘s name in Hebrew is Iyob H347 – ‘îyôḇ, meaning hated or persecuted. According to the Septuagint, an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Old Testament, Job’s genealogy makes him to be a grandson of Esau and a ruler of Edom. It is estimated that he lived around 2000 BC. He was the fifth generation from Abraham, he lived to around 200 years old, and his name was originally Jobab.
The seventh generation from Noah, a son from Shem’s geneology was also called Jobab, Genesis 10:29 “And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were the sons of Joktan.”
Jobab in Hebrew is Yobab H3103 – yôḇāḇ, meaning a desert, crying or howling.
Interestingly, Job’s story is also told in the Islam Qur’an, where Job (Arabic Ayyūb) is considered a prophet. The narrative frame of Job’s story in Islam is similar to the Hebrew Scriptures’ story but, in Islam, the emphasis is paid to Job remaining steadfast to Elohim and there is no record of his despair, or mention of discussions with friends.
Eliphaz
Job 4:1 “Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said”
Eliphaz’s name, H464 – ‘ĕlîp̄az, is made up of El (God) and Phaz/Paz H6337 – pāz, meaning pure or refined gold.
Interestingly, Eliphaz was one of Esau’s sons’ names. Gen 36:4 “And Adah bare to Esau Eliphaz; H464″.
Jobs’ friend Eliphaz was a Temanite, and Teman (H8489 – têmānî) was Esau’s grandson.
El Shadday
Job 5:17 “Behold, happy is the man whom Elohim correcteth: therefore despise not thou the chastening of the Almighty“
Most translations use the word Almighty, but in Hebrew it is Shadday, H7706 – šaday. El Shadday is one of the many Titles of YHWH, used in many places throughout Scripture, and indeed means almighty, most powerful.
The first time this title was mentioned in Scripture, was given by YHWH Himself in Genesis 17:1, “And when Abram was ninety years old and nine, YHWH appeared to Abram, and said unto him, I am the El Shadday / Almighty H7706 Elohim; walk before me, and be thou perfect.”
